module MTik

A Ruby library implementing the Ruby MikroTik API

Author

Aaron D. Gifford - aarongifford.com/

Copyright

Copyright © 2009-2020, InfoWest, Inc.

License

BSD license

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, the above list of authors and contributors, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

  3. Neither the name of the author(s) or copyright holder(s) nor the names of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S), AUTHOR(S) AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S), AUTHOR(S), OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR DCONSEQUENTIAL AMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Constants

CMD_TIMEOUT

Command timeout – The maximum number of seconds to wait for more API data when expecting one or more command responses.

CONN_TIMEOUT

Connection timeout default – *NOT USED*

MAXREPLIES

Maximum number of replies before a command is auto-canceled:

PASS

Default password to use if none is specified:

PORT

Default MikroTik RouterOS API TCP port:

PORT_SSL

Default MikroTik RouterOS API-SSL TCP port:

USER

Default username to use if none is specified:

USE_SSL

SSL is set to false by default

verbose

Public Class Methods

command(args) click to toggle source

An all-in-one function to instantiate, connect, send one or more commands, retrieve the response(s), close the connection, and return the response(s).

PARAMETERS:

All parameters supplied to this method are contained in a
single hash.  Here are available hash keys:

  :host    => the host name or IP to connect to
  :user    => the API user ID to authenticate with
  :pass    => the API password to authenticate with
  :command => one or more API commands to execute
  :limit   => an OPTIONAL integer reply limit

The :command parameter may be:

* A single string representing a single API command to execute
* An array of strings in which case the first string is the API
  command to execute and each subsequent array item is an API
  parameter or argument.
* An array of arrays -- Multiple API command may be executed
  in sequence.  Each subarray is an array of strings containing
  an API command and zero or more parameters.

The :limit parameter if present specifies an integer. This parameter is to be used whenever executing one or more API commands that do not terminate with a '!done' response sentence, but instead keep sending '!re' reply sentences.

An exception is the '/tools/fetch' API command, which this method will auto-cancel when it finishes.

Regarding the :limit parameter:

* If present and the integer is zero or negative, THERE WILL BE
  NO LIMIT ENFORCED on the number of replies from each API command.
  *WARNING:* If you do NOT limit the number of replies when
  executing an API command like <i>"/interface/montitor-traffic"</i>
  this method may not ever terminate and may consume memory
  buffering replies until resources are exhausted.
* If present and a positive integer, each API command may at
  most receive the specified number of reply sentences, after which
  the command will automatically be canceled.  This is useful
  to terminate commands that would otherwise keep sending output
  forever.
* If NOT present, or if nil, the default reply limit as contained
  in the MAXREPLIES constant will be enforced. *WARNING:* This
  default limit could be so large that this method would not
  return for a long time, waiting for the number of replies.

Remember that the limit applies separately to each API command executed.

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 265
def self.command(args)
  tk      = MTik::Connection.new(args)
  limit   = args[:limit]  ## Optional reply limit
  cmd     = args[:command]
  replies = Array.new
  if cmd.is_a?(String)
    ## Single command, no arguments
    cmd = [ [ cmd ] ]
  elsif cmd.is_a?(Array) && !cmd[0].is_a?(Array)
    ## Single command, possibly arguments
    cmd = [ cmd ]
  end

  cmd.each_index do |i|
    c = cmd[i]
    replycount = 0
    tk.send_request(false, c[0], c[1,c.length-1]) do |req, sentence|
      replycount += 1
      if c[0] == '/tool/fetch'
        if sentence['status'] == 'finished' && req.state == :sent
          ## Cancel 'finished' fetch commands
          req.cancel
        end
      elsif req.state == :sent && (
        limit.nil? ? (replycount >= MAXREPLIES) : (limit > 0 && replycount >= limit)
      )
        ## Auto-cancel any command after the maximum number of replies:
        req.cancel
      end
      if sentence.key?('!done')
        replies[i] = req.reply
      end
    end
  end

  tk.wait_all ## Event loop -- wait for all commands to finish
  tk.get_reply('/quit')
  tk.close
  return replies
end
debug() click to toggle source

Access the current debug setting (boolean)

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 78
def self.debug
  return @debug
end
debug=(x) click to toggle source

Change the current debug setting (boolean)

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 83
def self.debug=(x)
  return @debug = x
end
interactive_client(args) click to toggle source

Act as an interactive client with the device, accepting user input from STDIN. Arguments are key/value pairs, and are simply passed directly to MTik::Connection(). The below documentation is taken directly from MTik::Connection. One more ## key/value pair style arguments must be specified. The one ## required argument is the host or IP of the device to connect to.

host

This is the only required argument. Example: :host => “rb411.example.org”

ssl

Use SSL to encrypt communications

port

Override the default API port (8728/8729)

user

Override the default API username ('admin')

pass

Override the default API password (blank)

conn_timeout

Override the default connection timeout (60 seconds)

cmd_timeout

Override the default command timeout (60 seconds) – the number of seconds to wait for additional API input.

unencrypted_plaintext

Attempt to use the 6.43+ login API even without SSL

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 108
def self.interactive_client(args)
  old_verbose = MTik::verbose
  MTik::verbose = true
  begin
    tk = MTik::Connection.new(args)
  rescue MTik::Error, Errno::ECONNREFUSED => e
    print "=== LOGIN ERROR: #{e.message}\n"
    exit
  end

  while true
    print "\nCommand (/quit to end): "
    cmd = STDIN.gets.sub(/^\s+/, '').sub(/\s*[\r\n]*$/, '')
    maxreply = 0
    m = /^(\d+):/.match(cmd)
    unless m.nil?
      maxreply = m[1].to_i
      cmd.sub!(/^\d+:/, '')
    end
    args  = cmd.split(/\s+/)
    cmd   = args.shift
    next if cmd == ''
    break if cmd == '/quit'
    unless /^(?:\/[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)+$/.match(cmd)
      print "=== INVALID COMMAND: #{cmd}\n" if MTik::debug || MTik::verbose
      break
    end
    print "=== COMMAND: #{cmd}\n" if MTik::debug || MTik::verbose
    trap  = false
    count = 0
    state = 0
    begin
      tk.send_request(false, cmd, args) do |req, sentence|
        if sentence.key?('!trap')
          trap = sentence
          print "=== TRAP: '" + (trap.key?('message') ? trap['message'] : "UNKNOWN") + "'\n\n"
        elsif sentence.key?('!re')
          count += 1
          ## Auto-cancel any '/tool/fetch' commands that have finished,
          ## or commands that have received the specified number of
          ## replies:
          if req.state == :sent && (
            cmd == '/tool/fetch' && sentence['status'] == 'finished'
          ) || (maxreply > 0 && count == maxreply)
            state = 2
            req.cancel do |r, s|
              state = 1
            end
          end
        elsif !sentence.key?('!done') && !sentence.key?('!fatal')
          raise MTik::Error.new("Unknown or unexpected reply sentence type.")
        end
        if state == 0 && req.done?
          state = 1
        end
      end
      while state != 1
        tk.wait_for_reply
      end
    rescue MTik::Error => e
      print "=== ERROR: #{e.message}\n"
    end
    unless tk.connected?
      begin
        tk.login
      rescue MTik::Error => e
        print "=== LOGIN ERROR: #{e.message}\n"
        tk.close
        exit
      end
    end
  end

  reply = tk.get_reply('/quit')
  unless reply[0].key?('!fatal')
    raise MTik::Error.new("Unexpected response to '/quit' command.")
  end

  ## Extract any device-provided message from the '!fatal' response
  ## to the /quit command:
  print "=== SESSION TERMINATED"
  message = ''
  reply[0].each_key do |key|
    next if key == '!fatal'
    message += "'#{key}'"
    unless reply[0][key].nil?
      message += " => '#{reply[0][key]}'"
    end
  end
  if message.length > 0
    print ": " + message
  else
    print " ==="
  end
  print "\n\n"

  unless tk.connected?
    print "=== Disconnected ===\n\n"
  else
    ## In theory, this should never execute:
    tk.close
  end

  MTik::verbose = old_verbose
end
verbose() click to toggle source

Access the current verbose setting (boolean)

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 68
def self.verbose
  return @verbose
end
verbose=(x) click to toggle source

Change the current verbose setting (boolean)

# File lib/mtik.rb, line 73
def self.verbose=(x)
  return @verbose = x
end